The institution is located at Indore in Madhya Pradesh state of central India . Looking into the importance of soybean in oilseed economy of the country, ICAR established an All India Coordinated Research Project On Soybean in 1967 with its Headquarters initially at New Delhi and subsequently at Pantnagar. Indian Council of Agricultural Research established National Research Centre for Soybean (NRCS) during the year 1987 for the needed centralised research to support soybean production systems research with basic technology and breeding material. Coordinating unit of All India Coordinated Research Project on Soybean (AICRPS), Soybean Breeder Seed Production (BSPS) and National Active Collection Site (NACS) for soybean germplasm are also located at National Research Centre for Soybean.

To carry out basic and strategic research on Soybean
the National Research Centre for Soybean was established in 1987 and was
further upgraded into a Directorate during XI Plan. In 1987, Government of
Madhya Pradesh transferred a farm of 56.7ha with store and old office
building at Khandwa Road, Indore to ICAR for establishing NRCS. After land
development suiting to research experimentation and renovation of institute
building, the entire set up of the centre was housed at the farm.
Subsequently, the setup shifted to its own
Research-cum-Administration building that houses 16 laboratories for
different disciplines. NRCS was upgraded to Directorate of Soybean Research
(DSR). ICAR-Directorate of Soybean Research (DSR) was upgraded to the status
of ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research (IISR) vide ICAR letter F.No.
13(2)/2015-Gov.Cell Dated 15th Jan 2016. The ICAR-Indian Institute of
Soybean Research (IISR)is now a premier institution engaged in soybean
research and development in the country. It is providing centralized support
to the production system research with basic technologies and breeding
material. It also looks after the inter-disciplinary and multi-location
research through All India Coordinated Research Project on Soybean (AICRPS).
The Comprehensive initiatives taken by IISR and AICRPS alongwith all the
stakeholders involving industry, NGOs, Community Based Organizations(CBOs)
and farmers have led to unprecedented growth in Area, Production and
Productivity of soybean in the country.

- Basic, strategic and adaptive research on soybean for improving productivity and quality.
- Provide access to information, knowledge and genetic material to develop improved technology and enhance soybean production.
- Coordination of applied research to develop location specific varieties and technologies.
- Dissemination of technology and capacity building.

International
- Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre, Taiwan
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Enterprise, National Soybean Research Center, EMBRAPA, Brazil.
- University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61821, USA.
- University of Arkansas, USA
- Soybean Production Research, USDA, ARS, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA.
- IOWA State University, USA.
- International Potash Institute, Switzerland.
- International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy
National
- SAUs in the States of Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh, Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Jharkhand, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, North-Eastern States.
- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi
- Directorate of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad
- Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad
- Indian Institute of Pulse Research, Kanpur
- Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal
- National Research Centre for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi
- National Research Centre for DNA Finger Printing, New Delhi
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
- National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad
- National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
- National Fertilizer Limited
Regional
- Department of Agriculture of Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh, Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Jharkhand, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, North-Eastern States.
- NGOs like SOPA, OILFED
- State Cooperative Development Banks of respective States.
- State Seed Corporation
- Deptt. of Seed Certification